Windows Terminal使用及美化

前言

在这之前，我一直使用的都是 cmder，但是这东西说真的，有点难用。不过好在微软推出了 Windows Terminal，经过我的实测，感觉还是不错的。毕竟颜值才是第一生产力。

开始操作

下载 Windows Terminal
下载很简单，在微软商店下载即可。
安装一个字体，比较推荐的是JetBrainsMono Nerd Font Mono（可以显示表情）
如果链接失效请留言或者自行百度搜索。
安装新款 Powershell Core
首先声明，我们这儿用的 Powershell 与 Windows 自带的 Powershell 是完全不同的两个东西，除了功能相似和名字相同，两者内在已经天差地别。
Powershell Core 是什么呢？这是伟大的 .Net Core 跨平台战略的一个重要组成部分，微软设想，要让强大的 .Net 在所有平台上通用，让这么强大的 Powershell 在所有平台上都能用，古老的 bash 可以退休了！
下载地址(可下载最新版本，不一定要下载图中所示)
安装 Powershell 插件
- PSReadLine
  PSReadLine 是一个由微软发布的用于 PowerShell 的行读取实现，提供了以下功能：
  - 语法着色
  - 简单语法错误通知
  - 良好的多行体验
  - 可自定义的键绑定
  - Cmd 和 Emacs 模式
  - 许多配置选项
  - Bash 样式的补全
  - Bash/zsh 样式的交互式历史记录搜索
  - Emacs yank/kill ring
  - 基于 PowerShell Token 的单词移动和删除
  - 撤销/重做
  - 自动保存历史记录，包括在实时会话中共享历史记录
  - 菜单补全、Intellisense
  GitHub 地址：https://github.com/PowerShell/PSReadLine
- oh-my-posh&posh-git
  类似于 oh-my-zsh，oh-my-posh 为 PowerShell 提供了很多自定义主题和配色，而 posh-git 为 PowerShell 提供了 git 状态显示和命令补全等。
  GitHub 地址：https://github.com/JanDeDobbeleer/oh-my-posh
看完上边的三个插件介绍，我们来安装这三个插件。
用管理员模式打开刚装好的新版 powershell，逐行输入命令。
```
# 1. 安装 PSReadline 包，该插件可以让命令行很好用，类似 zsh
Install-Module -Name PSReadLine -AllowPrerelease -Force

# 2. 安装 posh-git 包，让你的 git 更好用
Install-Module posh-git -Scope CurrentUser

# 3. 安装 oh-my-posh 包，让你的命令行更酷炫、优雅
Install-Module oh-my-posh -Scope CurrentUser
```
一定要用刚刚安装的新版的 powershell（建议使用管理员模式运行），安装过程可能过于慢，请耐心等待。
后面两个包的来源可能不受系统信任，不用管它，如果让你选择是否信任，直接输入 Y 即可。

编辑$Profile文件。

这个文件类似于 ~/.zshrc，会在 PowerShell 启动的时候自动执行，因此我们在这个文件中加载我们所需的模块。

Windows
notepad.exe $Profile
Linux
nano $Profile

然后在这个文件中添加如下内容：

#------------------------------- Import Modules BEGIN -------------------------------
# 引入 posh-git
Import-Module posh-git

# 引入 oh-my-posh
Import-Module oh-my-posh

# 设置 PowerShell 主题
Set-PoshPrompt iterm2


#------------------------------- Import Modules END   -------------------------------

#-------------------------------  Set Hot-keys BEGIN  -------------------------------
# 设置 Tab 键补全
Set-PSReadlineKeyHandler -Key Tab -Function Complete

# 设置 Ctrl+d 为菜单补全和 Intellisense
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key "Tab" -Function MenuComplete

# 设置 Ctrl+d 为退出 PowerShell
Set-PSReadlineKeyHandler -Key "Ctrl+d" -Function ViExit

# 设置预测文本来源为历史记录
Set-PSReadLineOption -PredictionSource History

# 设置 Ctrl+z 为撤销
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key "Ctrl+z" -Function Undo

# 设置向上键为后向搜索历史记录
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key UpArrow -Function HistorySearchBackward

# 设置向下键为前向搜索历史纪录
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key DownArrow -Function HistorySearchForward
#-------------------------------  Set Hot-keys END    -------------------------------

#-------------------------------   Set Alias Begin    -------------------------------
# 1. 编译函数 make
function MakeThings {
    nmake.exe $args -nologo
}
Set-Alias -Name make -Value MakeThings

# 2. 更新系统 os-update
Set-Alias -Name os-update -Value Update-Packages

# 3. 查看目录 ls & ll
function ListDirectory {
    (Get-ChildItem).Name
    Write-Host("")
}
Set-Alias -Name ls -Value ListDirectory
Set-Alias -Name ll -Value Get-ChildItem
#-------------------------------    Set Alias END     -------------------------------

oh-my-posh 提供了 10 款漂亮的主题供我们选择。 Agnoster,Avit,Darkblood,Fish,Honukai,Paradox,PowerLine,robbyrussell,Sorin,tehrob 。

可以输入命令Get-PoshThemes来查看所有表情

接下来打开Windows Terminal。

Windows Terminal 默认为旧版本的 powershell，我们需要把新版本作为默认。

修改的内容有三个，如果你不想自己改可以直接将我的粘贴到配置文件（需要注意的是:如果按照默认路径安装（正式版），那么可以直接复制下边。预览版或者更换了安装位置，那么请手动更改位置。其他信息试自己能力进行修改）。

{
  "$help": "https://aka.ms/terminal-documentation",
  "$schema": "https://aka.ms/terminal-profiles-schema",
  "actions": [
    {
      "command": {
        "action": "copy",
        "singleLine": false
      },
      "keys": "ctrl+c"
    },
    {
      "command": "paste",
      "keys": "ctrl+v"
    },
    {
      "command": "find",
      "keys": "ctrl+shift+f"
    },
    {
      "command": {
        "action": "splitPane",
        "split": "auto",
        "splitMode": "duplicate"
      },
      "keys": "alt+shift+d"
    }
  ],
  "copyFormatting": "none",
  "copyOnSelect": false,
  "defaultProfile": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",
  "profiles": {
    "defaults": {},
    "list": [
      {
        "backgroundImage": null,
        "colorScheme": "idleToes",
        "commandline": "C:/Program Files/PowerShell/7-preview/pwsh.exe -nologo",
        "font": {
          "face": "JetBrainsMono Nerd Font Mono",
          "size": 12
        },
        "guid": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",
        "hidden": false,
        "historySize": 9001,
        "name": "pwsh",
        "opacity": 50,
        "padding": "5, 5, 20, 25",
        "snapOnInput": true,
        "source": "Windows.Terminal.PowershellCore",
        "startingDirectory": ".",
        "useAcrylic": true
      },
      {
        "guid": "{61c54bbd-c2c6-5271-96e7-009a87ff44bf}",
        "hidden": true,
        "name": "Windows PowerShell"
      },
      {
        "guid": "{0caa0dad-35be-5f56-a8ff-afceeeaa6101}",
        "hidden": false,
        "name": "\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26"
      },
      {
        "guid": "{b453ae62-4e3d-5e58-b989-0a998ec441b8}",
        "hidden": true,
        "name": "Azure Cloud Shell",
        "source": "Windows.Terminal.Azure"
      },
      {
        "guid": "{a3a2e83a-884a-5379-baa8-16f193a13b21}",
        "hidden": false,
        "name": "PowerShell 7 Preview",
        "source": "Windows.Terminal.PowershellCore"
      }
    ]
  },
  "schemes": [
    {
      "background": "#0C0C0C",
      "black": "#0C0C0C",
      "blue": "#0037DA",
      "brightBlack": "#767676",
      "brightBlue": "#3B78FF",
      "brightCyan": "#61D6D6",
      "brightGreen": "#16C60C",
      "brightPurple": "#B4009E",
      "brightRed": "#E74856",
      "brightWhite": "#F2F2F2",
      "brightYellow": "#F9F1A5",
      "cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
      "cyan": "#3A96DD",
      "foreground": "#CCCCCC",
      "green": "#13A10E",
      "name": "Campbell",
      "purple": "#881798",
      "red": "#C50F1F",
      "selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
      "white": "#CCCCCC",
      "yellow": "#C19C00"
    },
    {
      "background": "#012456",
      "black": "#0C0C0C",
      "blue": "#0037DA",
      "brightBlack": "#767676",
      "brightBlue": "#3B78FF",
      "brightCyan": "#61D6D6",
      "brightGreen": "#16C60C",
      "brightPurple": "#B4009E",
      "brightRed": "#E74856",
      "brightWhite": "#F2F2F2",
      "brightYellow": "#F9F1A5",
      "cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
      "cyan": "#3A96DD",
      "foreground": "#CCCCCC",
      "green": "#13A10E",
      "name": "Campbell Powershell",
      "purple": "#881798",
      "red": "#C50F1F",
      "selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
      "white": "#CCCCCC",
      "yellow": "#C19C00"
    },
    {
      "background": "#283033",
      "black": "#000000",
      "blue": "#6666E9",
      "brightBlack": "#666666",
      "brightBlue": "#0000FF",
      "brightCyan": "#00E5E5",
      "brightGreen": "#00D900",
      "brightPurple": "#E500E5",
      "brightRed": "#E50000",
      "brightWhite": "#E5E5E5",
      "brightYellow": "#E5E500",
      "cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
      "cyan": "#00A6B2",
      "foreground": "#00FF00",
      "green": "#00A600",
      "name": "Homebrew",
      "purple": "#B200B2",
      "red": "#FC5275",
      "selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
      "white": "#BFBFBF",
      "yellow": "#999900"
    },
    {
      "background": "#282C34",
      "black": "#282C34",
      "blue": "#61AFEF",
      "brightBlack": "#5A6374",
      "brightBlue": "#61AFEF",
      "brightCyan": "#56B6C2",
      "brightGreen": "#98C379",
      "brightPurple": "#C678DD",
      "brightRed": "#E06C75",
      "brightWhite": "#DCDFE4",
      "brightYellow": "#E5C07B",
      "cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
      "cyan": "#56B6C2",
      "foreground": "#DCDFE4",
      "green": "#98C379",
      "name": "One Half Dark",
      "purple": "#C678DD",
      "red": "#E06C75",
      "selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
      "white": "#DCDFE4",
      "yellow": "#E5C07B"
    },
    {
      "background": "#FAFAFA",
      "black": "#383A42",
      "blue": "#0184BC",
      "brightBlack": "#4F525D",
      "brightBlue": "#61AFEF",
      "brightCyan": "#56B5C1",
      "brightGreen": "#98C379",
      "brightPurple": "#C577DD",
      "brightRed": "#DF6C75",
      "brightWhite": "#FFFFFF",
      "brightYellow": "#E4C07A",
      "cursorColor": "#4F525D",
      "cyan": "#0997B3",
      "foreground": "#383A42",
      "green": "#50A14F",
      "name": "One Half Light",
      "purple": "#A626A4",
      "red": "#E45649",
      "selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
      "white": "#FAFAFA",
      "yellow": "#C18301"
    },
    {
      "background": "#002B36",
      "black": "#002B36",
      "blue": "#268BD2",
      "brightBlack": "#073642",
      "brightBlue": "#839496",
      "brightCyan": "#93A1A1",
      "brightGreen": "#586E75",
      "brightPurple": "#6C71C4",
      "brightRed": "#CB4B16",
      "brightWhite": "#FDF6E3",
      "brightYellow": "#657B83",
      "cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
      "cyan": "#2AA198",
      "foreground": "#839496",
      "green": "#859900",
      "name": "Solarized Dark",
      "purple": "#D33682",
      "red": "#DC322F",
      "selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
      "white": "#EEE8D5",
      "yellow": "#B58900"
    },
    {
      "background": "#FDF6E3",
      "black": "#002B36",
      "blue": "#268BD2",
      "brightBlack": "#073642",
      "brightBlue": "#839496",
      "brightCyan": "#93A1A1",
      "brightGreen": "#586E75",
      "brightPurple": "#6C71C4",
      "brightRed": "#CB4B16",
      "brightWhite": "#FDF6E3",
      "brightYellow": "#657B83",
      "cursorColor": "#002B36",
      "cyan": "#2AA198",
      "foreground": "#657B83",
      "green": "#859900",
      "name": "Solarized Light",
      "purple": "#D33682",
      "red": "#DC322F",
      "selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
      "white": "#EEE8D5",
      "yellow": "#B58900"
    },
    {
      "background": "#000000",
      "black": "#000000",
      "blue": "#3465A4",
      "brightBlack": "#555753",
      "brightBlue": "#729FCF",
      "brightCyan": "#34E2E2",
      "brightGreen": "#8AE234",
      "brightPurple": "#AD7FA8",
      "brightRed": "#EF2929",
      "brightWhite": "#EEEEEC",
      "brightYellow": "#FCE94F",
      "cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
      "cyan": "#06989A",
      "foreground": "#D3D7CF",
      "green": "#4E9A06",
      "name": "Tango Dark",
      "purple": "#75507B",
      "red": "#CC0000",
      "selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
      "white": "#D3D7CF",
      "yellow": "#C4A000"
    },
    {
      "background": "#FFFFFF",
      "black": "#000000",
      "blue": "#3465A4",
      "brightBlack": "#555753",
      "brightBlue": "#729FCF",
      "brightCyan": "#34E2E2",
      "brightGreen": "#8AE234",
      "brightPurple": "#AD7FA8",
      "brightRed": "#EF2929",
      "brightWhite": "#EEEEEC",
      "brightYellow": "#FCE94F",
      "cursorColor": "#000000",
      "cyan": "#06989A",
      "foreground": "#555753",
      "green": "#4E9A06",
      "name": "Tango Light",
      "purple": "#75507B",
      "red": "#CC0000",
      "selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
      "white": "#D3D7CF",
      "yellow": "#C4A000"
    },
    {
      "background": "#000000",
      "black": "#000000",
      "blue": "#000080",
      "brightBlack": "#808080",
      "brightBlue": "#0000FF",
      "brightCyan": "#00FFFF",
      "brightGreen": "#00FF00",
      "brightPurple": "#FF00FF",
      "brightRed": "#FF0000",
      "brightWhite": "#FFFFFF",
      "brightYellow": "#FFFF00",
      "cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
      "cyan": "#008080",
      "foreground": "#C0C0C0",
      "green": "#008000",
      "name": "Vintage",
      "purple": "#800080",
      "red": "#800000",
      "selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
      "white": "#C0C0C0",
      "yellow": "#808000"
    },
    {
      "background": "#323232",
      "black": "#323232",
      "blue": "#4099FF",
      "brightBlack": "#535353",
      "brightBlue": "#5EB7F7",
      "brightCyan": "#DCF4FF",
      "brightGreen": "#9DFF91",
      "brightPurple": "#FF9DFF",
      "brightRed": "#F07070",
      "brightWhite": "#FFFFFF",
      "brightYellow": "#FFE48B",
      "cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
      "cyan": "#BED6FF",
      "foreground": "#00FF00",
      "green": "#7FE173",
      "name": "idleToes",
      "purple": "#F680FF",
      "red": "#D25252",
      "selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
      "white": "#EEEEEC",
      "yellow": "#FFC66D"
    }
  ]
}

defaultProfile

将defaultProfile改为新的 powershell。

"defaultProfile": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",

list

在 list 中新增一个配置，也就是我们的新版 powershell。

{
    // Powershell 7.1.0-preview.2 配置
    "guid": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",
    "hidden": false,
    "name": "pwsh",
    // 注意：一定要写上 -nologo，否则开启 powershll 会有一段话输出，很讨厌！
    "commandline": "C:/Program Files/PowerShell/7/pwsh.exe -nologo",
    "source": "Windows.Terminal.PowershellCore",
    // 启动菜单一定要设置为 <.>，否则后面重要的一步将会无效！
    "startingDirectory": ".",
    // 字体
    "fontFace": "Fira Code",
    "fontSize": 11,
    "historySize": 9001,
    "padding": "5, 5, 20, 25",
    "snapOnInput": true,
    "useAcrylic": false,
    // 颜色
    "colorScheme": "idleToes"
},

colorScheme

这个也就是配色。

{
    "name": "idleToes",
    "black": "#323232",
    "red": "#d25252",
    "green": "#7fe173",
    "yellow": "#ffc66d",
    "blue": "#4099ff",
    "purple": "#f680ff",
    "cyan": "#bed6ff",
    "white": "#eeeeec",
    "brightBlack": "#535353",
    "brightRed": "#f07070",
    "brightGreen": "#9dff91",
    "brightYellow": "#ffe48b",
    "brightBlue": "#5eb7f7",
    "brightPurple": "#ff9dff",
    "brightCyan": "#dcf4ff",
    "brightWhite": "#ffffff",
    "background": "#323232",
    "foreground": "#00ff00"
},